In what manner can Bacillus subtilis benefit root systems?

Bacillus subtilis is a beneficial bacterium commonly used in agricultural practices to promote plant health and growth. Its primary role in benefiting root systems is through colonization. When Bacillus subtilis colonizes the root surface, it forms a protective biofilm, which enhances root health in several ways.

This colonization process helps to create a more robust root system by improving nutrient uptake and enhancing the plant’s overall resilience to stress factors such as drought, disease, and unfavorable soil conditions. Additionally, Bacillus subtilis can stimulate plant growth by producing growth-promoting substances and by helping to establish beneficial microbial communities in the rhizosphere, which further supports plant health.

While other options suggest mechanisms of action, such as nutrient provision or pest repulsion, Bacillus subtilis primarily acts through direct interaction with the roots, making its ability to colonize and enhance root health the most accurate benefit.