What conditions are known to increase the possibility of seed rot?

Seed rot is primarily caused by environmental and soil conditions that create a negative impact on seed health during germination. Soil conditions that prevent rapid germination and emergence are particularly problematic because they can lead to prolonged periods of seed vulnerability. When seeds are in the ground for an extended time without germinating, they can be exposed to various pathogenic organisms such as fungi and bacteria. These pathogens thrive in conditions that are moist and stagnant, which are common in soils that retain water and do not drain well.

The presence of decaying organic matter or excessively wet soil can also contribute to these adverse conditions, further increasing the likelihood of seed rot. In essence, if seeds remain in the soil without germinating quickly, they become more susceptible to rotting, as their protective barriers diminish and the conditions around them may become ideal for pathogens to thrive.

In contrast, the other options involve external factors that do not directly relate to the seed's susceptibility to rotting under prolonged and unsuitable soil conditions. For instance, too much sunlight can dry out the soil, promoting quicker seed germination instead of promoting rot. Soil conditions that promote rapid germination are beneficial to seed health, whereas high nitrogen levels may not necessarily lead to seed rot unless combined with other adverse conditions, as nitrogen itself