What effect does chlorpyrifos have on human health at toxic levels?

Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate pesticide known for its potential to cause significant neurological impairment when exposure levels are toxic. At toxic levels, chlorpyrifos can disrupt normal functioning in the nervous system by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which is essential for breaking down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. This inhibition can lead to an accumulation of acetylcholine, resulting in overstimulation of nerves. The ensuing symptoms can include headaches, dizziness, anxiety, confusion, and in severe cases, seizures or loss of consciousness.

While skin irritation and respiratory issues can occur with exposure to various chemicals, they are not the primary health effects associated with chlorpyrifos at toxic levels. Similarly, kidney damage can be a concern with exposure to some toxins, but it is not specifically linked to chlorpyrifos. The prominent focus on neurological impairment highlights why this is the most relevant and concerning effect of toxic exposure to this pesticide.